Arts and crafts are integral to Sri Lanka’s rich cultural and historical heritage, capturing the essence of its diverse and vibrant society. From gemworks and mask making to pottery, sculpting, intricate lace crafting, lacquer work, and batik, Sri Lankan handiworks are more than just products; they are storied representations of tradition and creativity. These handcrafted items are ideal souvenirs to take home as mementoes and heartfelt gifts to share with friends and family.
The bustling shops and stores in and around Colombo offer a wide range of these handicrafts. However, to truly appreciate the craftsmanship and effort of creating these iconic masterpieces, one must witness an Arts and crafts tour in Sri Lanka itinerary. It is essential for a comprehensive experience of the island’s artistic heritage.
In this article, we have gathered the top 10 handicrafts of Sri Lanka to explore.
1. Sri Lankan Masks
The devil masks of Sri Lanka are deeply entwined with the island’s folklore, serving functional roles in rituals and ceremonies. These masks, used in popular devil dances – elaborate dance-drama performances – are worn by experienced dancers and holy men. The primary categories include the Raksha Masks for Raksha dances, the Sanni masks in healing rituals, and the Kolam masks mainly used in dramas.
Today, these masks symbolize Sri Lankan culture and are popular souvenirs, adorning the walls of local homes with their colourful facades and intriguing histories. The coastal town of Ambalangoda is the heart of this industry, where visitors can witness the carving and painting of these masks.
2. Sri Lankan Drums
Music, particularly the rhythm and dance associated with traditional drums or ‘Bera,‘ plays a vital role in Sri Lankan culture. These drums are intrinsic to Sri Lankan history and are heard at events and ceremonies nationwide. Artisans in villages like Kurunegala and Hikkaduwa are skilled in crafting these drums. These drums are typically made of Jack tree wood and animal hide, ensuring the perfect sound after hours of meticulous work.
3. Sri Lankan Laksha (Lacquer Work)
Sri Lankan lacquerwork, or Laksha, is a renowned craft practiced for centuries. Originating in central Sri Lanka, this art form has expanded across the island, beautifully reflecting local culture.
Laksha is a wax derived from insect larvae, and it is used to create colourful and vibrant objects like walking sticks, bowls, and ornamental items. Local artisans employ both traditional and modern techniques to produce these exquisite patterns.
4. Batik
Batik in Sri Lanka is an art form firmly established in the handicraft sector. Batik workers employ traditional and contemporary designs to create motifs inspired by Sri Lanka’s picturesque landscapes and the Kandyan era. Each stage of the batik-making process is done by hand, producing stylish cotton or silk fabric items like dresses, sarongs, and beachwear.
5. Stone and Wood Carving/Statues
The art of stone and wood carving in Sri Lanka dates back centuries and is evident across the island. Expert artisans produce various products, from ornaments and jewellery to sculptures and lacquer. These intricate designs are a testament to the artisans’ skill and convey their passion for Sri Lankan heritage.
It is a craft reserved for royalty. Handloom weaving is now a widespread art form in Sri Lanka. Hand-woven fabrics are known for their vibrant colours and are used in various products, from household items to garments. This art form passed down through generations, is a favorite among locals and tourists.
7. Coir
The production of coir rope and related items has a longstanding history in Sri Lanka. These natural and biodegradable products are made entirely by hand and range from carpets and mats to brooms and brushes, showcasing the versatility of coir.
8. Beeralu Lace
Beeralu lace making is a craft using bobbins. It is a significant aspect of Sri Lankan heritage. This entirely handmade lace is known for its intricate detailing and is highly coveted. The southern region of Sri Lanka is particularly famous for this craft, where visitors can observe the skilled weavers.
9. Clay Pottery
Clay pottery is one of Sri Lanka’s oldest crafts and remains popular in the modern era. From religious clay lamps to cooking pots and terracotta figures, pottery in Sri Lanka is diverse. The area of Molagoda is renowned for its pottery, offering tourists a chance to shop or even try to create their clay masterpieces.
10. Jewelry Making
The gem industry in Sri Lanka has a history of over 2500 years. It is celebrated for producing some of the world’s most exquisite gems. Jewellery making, once a symbol of royalty, is now accessible to a broader audience. Areas like Rathnapura and Sigiriya are hubs for gem mining and offer visitors the opportunity to purchase beautifully crafted jewellery.
The Economic Impact of Handicrafts in Sri Lanka
The economic impact of handicrafts in Sri Lanka is significant and multifaceted. Handicrafts in Sri Lanka encompass a wide range of items, including textiles, woodwork, ceramics, metalwork, and traditional crafts such as batik and lace-making. These crafts are not only a part of the country’s cultural heritage but also contribute to the economy in several key ways:
- Employment Generation
Handicrafts in Sri Lanka are often produced in rural areas and provide employment opportunities, especially for women and marginalized communities. This sector helps in creating jobs and sustaining livelihoods in regions where other forms of employment may be limited.
- Tourism and Exports
Handicrafts are a significant attraction for tourists visiting Sri Lanka. Many tourists purchase these items as souvenirs, contributing to the revenue generation. Additionally, Sri Lankan handicrafts are exported to various countries, bringing in foreign exchange and enhancing the country’s economic profile internationally.
- Cultural Preservation
The production of handicrafts plays a crucial role in preserving and promoting Sri Lankan culture and traditions. This aspect, while not directly quantifiable in economic terms, adds value to the country’s identity and heritage, which can indirectly boost tourism and cultural exchanges.
- Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Development
Many handicraft producers operate as small and medium enterprises. The growth of this sector aids in the overall development of SMEs, which are a crucial part of Sri Lanka’s economy, contributing to innovation, employment, and GDP growth.
- Community Development
Handicraft industries often support community development by enabling skills transfer, preserving traditional knowledge, and fostering a sense of community identity and cohesion. This social capital can have long-term positive effects on local economies.
- Women’s Empowerment
Handicraft production in Sri Lanka has been instrumental in empowering women, who make up a large portion of the workforce in this sector. By providing women with income-generating opportunities, the handicraft industry contributes to gender equality and women’s economic independence.
- Environmental Impact
Many handicrafts are made using sustainable and locally sourced materials, contributing to environmentally friendly practices. This aspect aligns with global trends towards sustainability and can enhance the marketability of Sri Lankan handicrafts.
Conclusion
The handicrafts of Sri Lanka are not just products; they are embodiments of the island’s soul and history. They offer a window into the rich tapestry of Sri Lankan culture and are a must-experience aspect of visiting this beautiful land.